A sample of papers on black holes in loop quantum gravity is: Carlo Rovelli, ‘Black hole entropy from loop quantum gravity’, gr-qc/9603063, Physical Review Letters 77 (1996) 3288; Marcelo Barreira, Mauro Carfora and Carlo Rovelli, ‘Physics with nonperturbative quantum gravity: radiation from a quantum black hole’, gr-qc/9603064, General Relativity and Gravity 28 (1996) 1293; Kirill Krasnov, ‘On quantum statistical mechanics of a Schwarzschild black hole’, gr-qc/9605047, General Relativity and Gravity 30 (1998) 53; Kirill Krasnov, ‘Quantum geometry and thermal radiation from black holes’, gr-qc/9710006, Classical and Quantum Gravity 16 (1999) 563; A. Ashtekar, J. Baez and K. Krasnov, ‘Quantum geometry of isolated horizons and black hole entropy’, gr-qc/ 0005126; A. Ashtekar, J. Baez, A. Corichi and K. Krasnov, ‘Quantum geometry and black hole entropy’, gr-qc/9710007, Physical Review Letters 80 (1998) 904.
Non-commutative geometry is introduced in the book by Alain Connes, Non-commutative Geometry (Academic Press, 1994).
CHAPTER 14
The material described here is mostly related to my book, Life of the Cosmos. The discussion of space is drawn from S. Kauffman and L. Smolin, ‘Combinatorial dynamics in quantum gravity’, hep-th/9809161.
INDEX
absolute space
absolute time
academic environment
acceleration
aether theory
Ambjørn, Jan
Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni
Anagnastopoulos, Kostas
angular momentum
anthropic observation
anthropic principle
strong
weak
anthropic question
area
Ashtekar, Abhay
atoms
background
dependent
independent
Baez, John
Bak, Per
Barbour, Julian
Bardeen, John
Barrett, John
BCS theory
Bekenstein, Jacob
Bekenstein bound
Bekenstein’s law
Bertotti, Bruno
big bang
biological systems
black holes
appearance
entropy
evaporation
formation
horizon
horizon area
memory
quantum
radiation
singularities
temperature
universe creation within
Boltzmann, Ludwig
bosons
branes
Bruegmann, Bernd
Butterfield, Jeremy
C-theory
carbon chemistry
causal past
causal structure
causal universe
causality
change
Chicago University
circle, smallest radius
classical physics
classical theory
Coleman, Sidney
colour-electric fields
computer metaphor
Connes, Alain
consistent histories
context dependence
continuous space
continuum
Cooper, Leon
Corichi, Alejandro
cosmological logic
cosmological natural selection
Crane, Louis
critical temperature
curvature tensor
D-planets
Darwin, Charles
Das, Ashok
Davies, Paul
Dawkins, Richard
decoherence
degree of freedom
Descartes, René
Deser, Stanley
DeWitt, Bryce
diffeomorphism
dimension compactification
discreteness
double slit experiment
Dowker, Fay
duality
economics
Ehrenfest, Paul
Einstein, Albert
equations
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment
electric field
electric superconductor
electromagnetism
electron wave
ellipse theory
energy
entropy
black hole
equilibrium
equivalence principle
Euclidean space
events
Everett, Francis
Everett, Hugh
falling bodies
fermions
Feyerabend, Paul
Feynman, Richard
Feynman diagram
fields
Finkelstein, David
fractal spacetime
future
future light cone
Galileo Galilei
Gambini, Rodolfo
Gell-Mann, Murray
general relativity
God
God of The Gap
God of the Gaps
graphs
gravitational constant
gravitational field
gravitational waves
gravitons
gravity
Hartle, James
Harvard graduate school
Hawking, Stephen
Hawking radiation
Hawking’s law
Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
hidden regions
hidden variables
holographic principle
strong
weak
horizons
black hole
Imperial College
infinities
inflation
information
Institute of Theoretical Physics, Santa Barbara
intuitionistic logic
Isham, Christopher
Jacobson, Ted
Kauffman, Louis
Kauffman, Stuart
Kent, Adrian
Kepler, Johannes
knot theory
Krasnov, Kirill
lattice theory
laws of nature
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm
Lewandowski, Jerzy
light
speed of
light cone
future
past
link
logic
Loll, Renate
loop
loop quantum gravity
Bekenstein bound derivation
boring nature of
complete formulation
historical development
problems with
relationship with string theory
unification with string theory
M theory
Mach, Ernst
magnetic field
many-worlds
Margulis, Lynn
Markopoulou-Kalamara, Fotini
Maxwell, James Clerk
Misner, Charles
momentum, angular
Montevideo
Morowitz, Harold
multiverse
natural selection
nature, laws of
Newton, Isaac
gravitational constant
Newtonian physics
non-commutative geometry
observers/observed
and acceleration
particle physics
past
past light cone
Pauli exclusion principle
Penn State University
Penrose, Roger
perturbation theory
Peskin, Michael
philosophy
phonons
photons
physical theories
Planck, Max
Planck scale
Planck units
length
mass
temperature
time
Planck’s constant
planetary orbits
Plato
points
Polyakov, Alexander
position vector
processes
Pullin, Jorge
quantum
quantum black hole
quantum chromodynamics
quantum constraints, see Wheeler-DeWitt equations
quantum cosmology
quantum electrodynamics
quantum fluctuations
quantum gravity
experimental evidence
quantum state
quantum theory
relational
wave-particle duality
quarks
radioactive decay
randomness
real numbers
Rees, Martin
reflexivity
Reisenberger, Mike
relational approach
relational quantum theory
relational universe
relative state interpretation
relativity
general
religion
renormalization
Rentlen, Paul
Rovelli, Carlo
Schrieffer, John
Schwartzman, Madeline
Schwinger, Julian
science
Screen, The
self-organization
Sen, Amitaba
Shenker, Stephen
singularities
Smolin, Lee
acting career
papers
Soma Sema
Sorkin, Raphael
Soros, George
sound waves
space
absolute
as a colour-electric superconductor
continuous
continuum
dimension compactification
discreteness
as a lattice
points in
quantized
relational view
spacetime
foam
fractal
geometry
speed of light
spin
spin foam
spin networks
evolving
spontaneous symmetry breaking
Stachel, John
states
statistical mechanics
stories
string
string bits
string length
string theory
black hole formation
consistent/inconsistent
different types of
problems with
relationship with loop quantum gravity
unification with loop quantum gravity
as a unified theory
superconductors
supergravity
superposition
supersymmetry
Susskind, Leonard
symmetry
Syracuse University
‘t Hooft, Gerardus
temperature
critical
theory of everything
thermodynamics
Thiemann, Thomas
Thing, The
time
absolute
Tomonaga, Sinitiro
topos theory
Trento University
Trias, Anthony
twistor theory
uncertainty principle
universe
causal
as a closed system
creation of
geometry
hidden regions
multiple
relational
Unruh, Bill
Unruh’s law
Uruguay University
virtual particles
volume
smallest possible
Warhol, Andy
weave
Weinberg-Salam theory
Wheeler, John
Wheeler-DeWitt equations
Wilson, Kenneth
Wittgenstein, Ludwig
Yale University
zero point motion
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Born in New York City, Lee Smolin was educated at Hampshire College and Harvard University. He is currently professor of Physics at the Center for Gravitational Physics for a unification of quantum theory, cosmology and relativity. He is the author of
The Life of the Cosmos
(1997).
Copyright © 2001 by Lee Smolin
Published by Basic Books,
A Member of the Perseus Books Group
First Published in Great Britian in 2000 by Weidenfeld and Nicolson
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information, address Basic Books, 387 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016-8810.
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A CIP record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
eISBN : 978-0-465-01324-1
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