What Technology Wants (57 page)

194 “the mind-forg'd manacles”:
William Blake. (1984) “London.”
Songs of Experience
, New York: Courier Dover Publications, p. 37.

194 “changing our habits of mind”:
Neil Postman. (1994)
The Disappearance of Childhood
. New York: Vintage Books, p. 24.

195 50,000 per year:
John H. Lawton and Robert M. May. (1995)
Extinction Rates.
Oxford: Oxford University Press.

196 the future with a short distance:
Paul Saffo. (2008) “Embracing Uncertainty: The Secret to Effective Forecasting.” Seminars About Long-term Thinking. San Francisco: The Long Now Foundation.
http://www.longnow.org/seminars/02008/jan/11/embracing-uncertainty-the-secret-to-effective-forecasting/
.

196 some kind of consequence of that:
Kevin Kelly and Paula Parisi. (1997) “Beyond Star Wars: What's Next for George Lucas.”
Wired
, 5 (2).
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/5.02/fflucas.html
.

197 “they may never acknowledge the void”:
Langdon Winner. (1977)
Autonomous Technology: Technics-Out-of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought.
Cambridge: MIT Press, p. 34.

197 “self-respecting members of the former”:
Eric Brende. (2004)
Better Off: Flipping the Switch on Technology.
New York: HarperCollins, p. 229.

198 not by ideology but by technical necessity:
Theodore Kaczynski. (1995) “Industrial Society and Its Future.”
http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Industrial_Society_and_Its_Future
.

201 civilization would collapse by 2020:
Kevin Kelly. (1995) “Interview with the Luddite.”
Wired
, 3 (6).
http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/3.06/saleskelly.html
.

201 readings focused on the theme called
Against Civilization
:
John Zerzan. (2005)
Against Civilization: Readings and Reflections.
Los Angeles: Feral House.

201 gas lines and the information infrastructure:
Derrick Jensen. (2006)
Endgame, Vol. 2: Resistance
. New York: Seven Stories Press.

201 “reductions in freedom”:
Theodore Kaczynski. (1995) “Industrial Society and Its Future.”
http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Industrial_Society_and_Its_Future
.

202 “defeatism, guilt, self-hatred, etc.”:
Ibid.

202 “There was even a waterfall there”:
Theresa Kintz. (1999) “Interview with Ted Kaczynski.”
Green Anarchist
(57/58).
http://www.insurgentdesire.org.uk/tedk.htm
.

202 “that sort of thing became a priority for me”:
Ibid.

204 find themselves FORCED to use it:
Theodore Kaczynski. (1995) “Industrial Society and Its Future.”
http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Industrial_Society_and_Its_Future
.

205 no rational and effective public resistance:
Ibid.

206 eventually wipe out all of our freedom:
Ibid.

207 Inside the Unabomber's Shack:
Federal Bureau of Investigation photograph via (2008) “Unabom Case: The Unabomber's Cabin.”
http://cbs5.com/slideshows/unabom.unabomber.exclusive.20.433402.html
.

210 “strong health and robusticity”:
Green Anarchy. (n.d.) “An Introduction to AntiCivilization Anarchist Thought and Practice.” Green Anarchy Back to Basics (4).
http://www.greenanarchy.org/index.php?action=viewwritingdetail&writingId=283
.

210 “a few of its devastating derivatives”:
Ibid.

210 “thousands and tens of thousands of years”:
Derrick Jensen. (2009) In discussion with the author.

212 “any radicals facing up to”:
Theresa Kintz. (1999) “Interview with Ted Kaczynski.”
Green Anarchist
(57-58).
http://www.insurgentdesire.org.uk/tedk.htm
.

225 adopted by the rest of America:
Stephen Scott. (1990)
Living Without Electricity: People's Place Book No. 9
. Intercourse, PA: Good Books.

228 a tale he recounts in his book:
Eric Brende. (2004)
Better Off: Flipping the Switch on Technology
. New York: HarperCollins.

229 “I am satisfied”:
Wendell Berry. (1982)
The Gift of Good Land: Further Essays Cultural & Agricultural
. San Francisco: North Point Press.

232 ‘Start your own business'”:
Stewart Brand. (1995, March 1) “We Owe It All to the Hippies.”
Time
, 145 (12).
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,982602,000.html
.

234 more work, but not better:
Wendell Berry. (1982)
The Gift of Good Land: Further Essays Cultural & Agricultural.
San Francisco: North Point Press, p. 180.

236 “to imagine being somebody else”:
Brink Lindsey. (2007)
The Age of Abundance: How Prosperity Transformed America's Politics and Culture
. New York: HarperBusiness, p. 4.

237 “doesn't quite work yet”:
W. Daniel Hillis. (2009) In discussion with the author.

239 “master what the human mind has made?”:
Langdon Winner. (1977)
Autonomous Technology: Technics-Out-of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, p. 13.

241 Duration of Prohibitions:
Data compiled from research gathered by Michele McGinnis and Kevin Kelly in 2004; originally presented at
http://www.kk.org/thetechnium/archives/2006/02/the_futility_of.php
.

242 “in the defense of fortifications and on ships”:
David Bachrach. (2003) “The Royal Crossbow Makers of England, 1204-1272.”
Nottingham Medieval Studies
(47).

243 numerals in their accounts:
Bernhard J. Stern. (1937) “Resistances to the Adoption of Technological Innovations.” Report of the Subcommittee on Technology to the National Resources Committee.

243 increasing at 9 percent per year globally:
Applications International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech. (2008) “Global Status of Commercialized Biotech/Gm Crops: 2008; The First Thirteen Years, 1996 to 2008.” ISAAA Brief 39-2008: Executive Summary.
http://www.isaaa.org/resources/publications/briefs/39/executivesummary/default.html
.

243 increasing globally by 2 percent a year:
International Atomic Energy Agency. (2007) “Nuclear Power Worldwide: Status and Outlook.” International Atomic Energy Agency.
http://www.iaea.org/NewsCenter/PressReleases/2007/prn200719.html
.

243 peaked at 65,000 units in 1986 and is now at 20,000:
National Resources Defense Council. (2002) “Table of Global Nuclear Weapons Stockpiles, 1945-2002.”
http://www.nrdc.org/nuclear/nudb/datab19.asp
.

247 “to prevent environmental degradation”:
United Nations Environment Program. (1992) “Rio Declaration on Environment and Development.” Rio de Janeiro: United Nations Environment Program.
http://www.unep.org/Documents.multilingual/Default.asp?DocumentID=78&ArticleID=1163
.

247 such as Portland, Oregon, and San Francisco:
Lawrence A. Kogan. (2008) “The Extra-WTO Precautionary Principle: One European ‘Fashion' Export the United States Can Do Without.”
Temple Political & Civil Rights Law Review
, 17 (2). p. 497.
http://www.itssd.org/Kogan%2017%5B1%5D.2.pdf
.

247 “it leads in no direction at all”:
Cass Sunstein. (2005)
Laws of Fear: Beyond the Precautionary Principle.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 14.

248 DDT around the insides of homes:
Lawrence Kogan. (2004) “‘Enlightened' Environmentalism or Disguised Protectionism? Assessing the Impact of EU Precaution-Based Standards on Developing Countries,” p. 17.
http://www.wto.org/english/forums_e/ngo_e/posp47_nftc_enlightened_e.pdf
.

248 EU agreed to phase out DDT altogether:
Tina Rosenberg. (2004, April 11) “What the World Needs Now Is DDT.”
New York Times
.
http://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/11/magazine/what-the-world-needs-now-is-ddt.html
.

249 “carried away in a single night”:
Richard Rhodes. (1999)
Visions of Technology: A Century of Vital Debate About Machines, Systems, and the Human World
. New York: Simon & Schuster, p. 145.

250 “hidden paths in the systems”:
Charles Perrow. (1999)
Normal Accidents: Living with High-Risk Technologies.
Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, p. 11.

251 “totally unlike the world we now inhabit”:
Langdon Winner. (1977)
Autonomous Technology: Technics-Out-of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought.
Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, p. 98.

252 imagined a horseless carriage:
Arthur C. Clarke. (1984)
Profiles of the Future
. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

252 subsets of technologies that permeate society:
M. Rodemeyer, D. Sarewitz, et al. (2005)
The Future of Technology Assessment.
Washington, D.C.: The Wood-row Wilson International Center.

253
eternally provisional:
Stewart Brand. (2009)
Whole Earth Discipline.
New York: Viking, p. 164.

253 but with any luck it works:
Edward Tenner. (1996)
Why Things Bite Back: Technology and the Revenge of Unintended Consequences
. New York: Knopf, p. 277.

255 radical transhumanist, in 2004:
Max More. (2005) “The Proactionary Principle.”
http://www.maxmore.com/proactionary.htm
.

256 “overweighting human-technological risks”:
Ibid.

261 moratorium on all nanotechnological research:
James Hughes. (2007) “Global Technology Regulation and Potentially Apocalyptic Technological Threats.”
Nanoethics: The Ethical and Social Implications of Nanotechnology,
ed. Fritz Allhoff. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Interscience.

261 used in antimicrobial coatings:
Dietram A. Scheufele. (2009) “Bund Wants Ban of Nanosilver in Everyday Applications.”
http://nanopublic.blogspot.com/2009/12/bund-wants-ban-of-nanosilver-in.html
; Wiebe E. Bijker, Thomas P. Hughes, et al. (1989)
The Social Construction of Technological Systems
. Cambridge, MA: MIT.

264 were destructive no matter who ran them:
Ivan Illich. (1973)
Tools for Conviviality.
New York: Harper & Row.

275 equally inadequate in real life:
Seth Lloyd. (2006)
Programming the Universe: A Quantum Computer Scientist Takes on the Cosmos.
New York: Knopf.

275 any direction to evolution whatsoever:
Stephen Jay Gould. (1989)
Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and Nature of History.
New York: W. W. Norton.

275 display effective complexity:
Seth Lloyd. (2006)
Programming the Universe: A Quantum Computer Scientist Takes on the Cosmos.
New York: Knopf, p. 199.

275 “the cosmological origins of biology”:
James Gardner. (2003)
Biocosm: The New Scientific Theory of Evolution.
Makawao Maui, HI: Inner Ocean.

276 transitions in organic evolution:
John Maynard Smith and Eors Szathmary. (1997)
The Major Transitions in Evolution.
New York: Oxford University Press.

277 Each step was also irreversible:
John Maynard Smith and Eors Szathmary. (1997)
The Major Transitions in Evolution
. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 9.

278 Complexity of Software:
Data from Vincent Maraia. (2005)
The Build Master: Microsoft's Software Configuration Management Best Practices
. Upper Saddle River, NJ; Addison-Wesley Professional.

279 Vista contained 50 million lines of code:
Vincent Maraia. (2005)
The Build Master: Microsoft's Software Configuration Management Best Practices.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison-Wesley Professional.

279 Complexity of Manufactured Machines:
Data from Robert U. Ayres. (1991)
Computer Integrated Manufacturing: Revolution in Progress
. London: Chapman & Hall, p. 3.

281 say a UNIX kernel:
W. Daniel Hillis. (2007) In discussion with the author.

282 varieties of stable elements were created:
George Wallerstein, Icko Iben, et al. (1997) “Synthesis of the Elements in Stars: Forty Years of Progress.
Reviews of Modern Physics
, 69 (4), p. 1053.
http://link.aps.org/abstract/R
MP/v69/p995 .10.1103/RevModPhys.69.995.

283 mineral species we find today:
Robert M. Hazen, Dominic Papineau, et al. (2008) “Mineral Evolution.”
American Mineralogist,
93 (11/12).
http://ammin.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/93/11-12/1693
.

283 only 200 million years ago:
Dale A. Russell. (1995) “Biodiversity and Time Scales for the Evolution of Extraterrestrial Intelligence.”
Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
(74).
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1995ASPC
... 74..143R.

283 Total Diversity of Life:
J. John Sepkoski. (1993) “Ten Years in the Library: New Data Confirm Paleontological Patterns.”
Paleobiology
, 19 (1), p. 48.

284 articles has exploded in the last 50 years:
Stephen Hawking. (2001)
The Universe in a Nutshell.
New York: Bantam Books, p. 158.

284 seven million patents issued in the United States alone:
Brigid Quinn and Ruth Nyblod. (2006) “United States Patent and Trademark Office Issues 7 Millionth Patent.” United States Patent and Trademark Office.